Cwts Narrative Report

NARRATIVE REPORT (Disaster Emergency Response Training with Water Safety and Survival Skills) Last October 4 and 5, 2012 students of STI College Caloocan that has NSTP or CWTS course attended and conducted training for Disaster Emergency Response Training with Water Safety and Survival Skills. Our batch was October 5, 2012 that was held at Boso-Boso Highlands Resort and Convention Center. The training and topics covered are regarding Obstacle Training, Rappelling, Bandaging, CPR, First Aid Training, Proper Wearing of Life Vest/Jacket, and the Water Survival Techniques.All students venue before going to Boso-Boso Highlands Resort and Convention Center was in STI College Caloocan. At exactly 5:00am, but since other students are not responsible they came late. That’s why instead of 6:00am departure, it became 6:30am already or almost 7:00am. Luckily, we did not encounter traffic that’s why we arrive at Boso-Boso Highlands Resort and Convention Center at exactly 8:00am. And then when we arrive at the training center, all students are instructed to change their clothes in much comfortable manner. The instructors gave as only 30mins to prepare and then after that we need to go to the training area immediately.So, when all of us are already settled, we immediately go to the training area. Before the training started our head in-charge, Ms. Falculan conducted a speech and she welcomes all the students in Boso-Boso Training ground. And after the program, one of the Instructors from Rescue 177 together with their Director had the orientation regarding the Rappelling Course; they teach us how to use the Rappelling equipments and how to apply it when we are doing the task already. After the orientation, we immediately proceed to the Obstacle Training ground, separately with the boys.All girls had the Obstacle Training first, while the boys are already having their Practicum regarding First Aid Training. I enjoyed the obstacle course, because I experienced run ning, balancing, jumping, crawling and climbing elements with the aim of testing my speed and endurance. Then after we accomplished the obstacle course, we proceed to the Rappelling area. And I am very thankful because I’ve done the task correctly and safely. Meanwhile, after the obstacle course and rappelling we had our lunch break already. All of us are in a hurry because after our break we are the one to have the Practicum for First Aid Course.

Religion and the Meaning of Life Essay

According to Frederich Nietzche, â€Å"A man who has a why to live can bear any how†. To me this statement provides massive insight into the human experience: all people need a purpose in life. As humans we need a constructive outlet through which we can invest our thoughts, emotions, efforts and energies. We need something to thrive for and strive toward. Religion, for many people provides this outlet in life in a most positive manner. It allows people to find themselves by losing themselves foremost. Religion encourages service to others, selflessness, forgiveness and ascetic values that allow people to displace personal prejudices and mental barriers that are roadblocks on the path toward self awareness and understanding. Religion teaches that human beings are direct creations of God. Due to this, the religious person places immense gravity into the definition of what it means to be human. To the religious person human life is sacred therefore all human beings are treated as if they are sacred entities. Dignity is vital to this experience and the religious person lives a decent life based largely on the fact that they find it a grave injustice to engage in dehumanizing acts. A dehumanizing act is any action that undermines the value of what it means to be human, and because human life to the religious person is sacred; treating other people and oneself with respect is part of the job description. Religious people also are heavily focused on remaining loyal to traditions and place heavy emphasis on the concept of togetherness through ceremonies, rituals and even celebrations. Religious people congregate and come together in a forum of mutual understanding of one another’s beliefs and values, and respect for the characteristics that make individuals unique. This is how religious institutions have survived throughout the ages. People of all sorts come together based on a mutual understanding of the same truths. The idea of coming together forms a family-like atmosphere that strengthens dynamics within individual households and strengthens interpersonal bonds among all people whom the religious person encounters. The religious person lives a life of kindness, simplicity and dignity highlighted by unity, loyalty and fairness. These concepts are vital to becoming a well integrated person which is the key component to finding one’s purpose and meaning in life. Once a person gains a sense of purpose, the other aspects of their lives fall into place based around what that person chooses to life for. When a person lives for their faith, their lives are based around morals that encourage reverence for all human beings and a genuine perceptive of righteousness. This is why religious people not only have a strong sense of self, but also have unshakable character based in a solid affection for mankind.

What is a Discourse Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is a Discourse Community - Essay Example What is a Discourse Community? John Swales was seen to ascribe a set of six distinguishing characteristics to help establish and define discourse communities, however, the most important distinguishing characteristic was that first, the community have a broadly agreed upon set of common goals. Secondly, the community needs to have an established mechanism via which its members are able to easily communicate among themselves. Third, an effective discourse community is should be able to effectively use its communication mechanism in providing feedback and information; this may also be seen to serve a relatively secondary goal of aiding the community in realizing its goals. Discourse communities tend to share certain expectations pertaining to the appropriate use of form, function of texts and topics. Fifth, discourse communities generally tend to establish a fundamentally specific lexis an example of which may include the development of specialized technical terminologies. Finally, discourse communities are setup ha ving a given threshold level, this level ensures that the members of a given discourse community have a certain basic degree of discourse expertise. Before one can be able to join any given discourse community, they should essentially be able to sufficiently be able to exhibit a certain given degree of knowledge structures. This knowledge of structures that members re required to show an understanding of is seen to generally relate to not only formal schemata such as communication between members, goals of the community and genre convention, it is also seen to be related to the world (Zhu, 35). The School Football Discourse Community Being a student at our school, the importance of football in the school cannot be over emphasized in any way. The first time I attended one of the school’s football games, I was totally taken in by the excitement of the crowd that sought to cheer on the team to victory. Though out the game, it was not uncommon to hear certain calls being called into play. The coach constantly called for plays using terms such as â€Å"13-17-2-8 Action† or â€Å"4 to 6-6-3†. Although these calls appeared gibberish to a bystander like myself, the football players clearly understood, what they were being instructed to do as was evidenced by their changing of their formation as well as play. This was seen to result in very positive results for the football team. Wherever a play did very well or happened to score, the players would quickly run to the player and jump all over each other in what to me seemed to be a painful experience. I constantly asked myself exactly how one could possibly score if by doing so, one essentially risked having the weight of almost half of the team piling on himself. However, my unvoiced pitch-side concerns did not essentially seem to matter to them. After the brief wild moment of celebration, the members of the team would exchange a special handshake with each other. I often found myself envying the close relationship and synergy between the team members. However, my flimsy attempts to qualify to join the elite team of about 24 members in a school with thousands of students met a disastrous ending and I left the field half feeling that I had essentially made a great fool of myself at the tryouts. The members of this discourse community also tend to constantly hang around each other at school discussing football matters and plans so as to help improve their game, they also commonly discuss the strategies that they plan to employ so as to beat

Machinery and Integrated Cropping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Machinery and Integrated Cropping - Essay Example Potato residues are in small amounts, and add very little organic matter in the soils. However, sweet corn adds more refuse that is decomposed by the forage. It also consumes phenoxy herbicides and act as a pest control measure. The rotation provided uses crops with a different nutrient portion to maintain fertility and recovery. Rotation schemes should factor in the cost of production, economic gains and long-term disease and pest control measures to manage potato production. Rotation farming in large tracks of land requires adequate and modern equipment to reduce the cost of labor cost and time. Due to the intense and time-consuming procedures involved, it is important to use zero-tillage. Specifically, this entails the use of 45hp tractor that cultivates at a rate of 1 acre/hr. (Nutbey, 2010, p 26). Notably, the purpose of this machine is to pull equipment such as Rotavators, planters, cultivators, digger elevators and harrows. However, the farmer must decide whether to buy or hire the 45hp tractor. The net present value method of analysis helps the farmer to determine whether to buy or hire this equipment. Net Present Value is a method of analysis that gives an answer to this dilemma. Precisely, it adopts the dollar as the base of this calculation and assumes the formula {PVF= 1/ (1+i) n}, where ‘i’ is the rate of discount and ‘n’ is the number of years (Gollier, 2010, p 17). The data represent the monetary pros and cons of hiring and purchasing, and shows buying as the best option. The purchase Net Present Value is $10,696 less than the annual hire Net Present Value. Therefore, it is profitable to buy than to hire the tractor. Drought resistant crops are grown in arable lands. For this reason, the 200ha arable land can be used to grow wheat, barley, sugar beet, and the grass under rotational farming. Wheat farming will serve as animal feed and human food. I thus recommend

Gender portrayal and the idea of gaze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gender portrayal and the idea of gaze - Essay Example The entitlement sense however comes with its accompaniment, anxieties. Although critics point out other differences that result to the gaze including race, most of the work concentrates on gender differences and role. Caroline helps us understand that for those critics with interests in violence, racial class inflections support gender norms. There is in no way a male will ever have equal right with the women since they have more power. The movies industry has now turned into man woman affair content, where clear warnings display on film advertisement requiring that to be eligible to watch, one must be of certain age. From the reading, the basis of argument is that a man gets more privileges to gaze at the woman on Hollywood cinemas purely because of control and power. In lesser words, the pleasures resulting from the cinema are just consequences of gender

Management of Change. Why General Electric was required to bring about Essay

Management of Change. Why General Electric was required to bring about a complete transformation in the organization - Essay Example The importance of stakeholders in organizations has become all the more important over the years. Thus organizations are constantly confronted with the crisis of managing change so as to keep themselves at par with stakeholders’ needs and requirements. The project seeks to bring forth the process of cultural change that was brought about in General Electric. Elaborating the factors which initiated the change process in the organization, the project goes on to weigh the actual outcomes against the desired outcomes in the organization. Finally the project provides an evaluation of the extent to which GE has been successful in implementing the change process in the organization. Organizational Change Theorists have brought forth some generic definitions of organizational change. Burnes (1996) noted that organizational change is regarded as the alterations taking place in organizations at the groups, individuals and the entire organizational level. According to Van de Ven and Pool e, (1995) change is defined as the observation of differences over a period of time on a variety of dimensions. Researchers and practitioners exploring change through social-cognition perspective or cultural perspective in organizations consider focussing on such aspects as values and mental maps of participants in the change, rather than on aspects like organizational structures, size etc. Since the language of change differs across perceptions of researchers it is difficult to find a unanimous and common perception of language fir change. However, there are certain common concepts in change theories produced by authors, such as sources of change, forces of change, first order and second order change. These common concepts are available within the major sources literature of change like Burnes, 1996; Levy and Merry, 1986; Goodman, 1982; and Spreitzer and Rajagopalan, 1996. More and more studies related to change increased the critical points of these concepts in their analysis. Mor gan (1986) makes the main assumption underlying the evolutionary theories that change is a response which is generated due to situational variables, external conditions and environment surrounding organizations. He regards social systems as being complex, diversified and interdependent, which evolve over time naturally responding to external demands (Kezar, 2001, p.4). The planned change models or Teleological theories assume the fact that organizations remain purposeful and adaptive to change. It is because organizational leaders, change agents and others see the needed change in organizations that change happens or occurs. Even though the change process is regarded as being linear and rational, Carnall (1995); Carr, Hard and Trahant (1996) regard the individual managers to be more instrumental in the process. Morgan, conceptualises the process of change as a being a natural part of organizational development. Researchers have a brought a direct association between organizational c hange and consequent performance and productivity of firms. Change process is said to act as a catalyst or facilitator of organizational growth and performance. Some of the leading examples of organizational changes which have subsequently reflected through enhanced performance, productivity and competitive position in the market are British Airways, General Electric and Rover Group (APOC, 1997, p.5). Effective change

Executive Summary - Xtreme Gymnastics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Executive Summary - Xtreme Gymnastics - Essay Example There are also programs catering to mature enthusiasts and former gymnasts. The goal is to come up with a sustainable path for Xtreme Gymnastics moving forward with this differentiation positioning, alongside a credible business plan focused on sustainable and profitable growth (Taylor, 2003). The situational analysis reveals, meanwhile, that the overall macroeconomic and macro demographic indicators point to the continued potential of the American market overall to sustain and nurture business concerns such as Xtreme Gymnastics, offering the kinds of programs that it has outlined (Amadeo, 2012a; Kotkin, 2012; Moffatt, 2012; Newman, 2012). The wisdom of segmenting the market by gender and age is validated meanwhile, by data showing that female children and young people dominate the enrollment in gymnastics programs nationally and in almost all geographies. Combining insights from the external market analysis and the characteristics of the most active market segments, it is clear that long-term prospects continue to support a healthy growth for successful players in the market for differentiated, private gymnastics programs. The target market has been identified as young females aged 6-16 years, with emphasis on the market segment defined by females aged 11-12, historically the single largest demographic by degree of participation (US Gymnastics, 2007). The marketing objective shall be to grow the business with the target markets using high staff qualification and safe, friendly, high quality programs and facilities as points of differentiation (usagym,org, 2012). Marketing strategies and tactics shall be aligned with this quality and differentiation-driven marketing objective, and shall include information campaigns to heighten brand awareness and awareness of the programs on offer at Xtreme Gymnastics; promotional activities leveraging social media to do the same; complementing the programs offerings with

Short Essay Response Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Short Response - Essay Example Sustainability, however, is hard to attain in urban areas, where cities with high population density equate to large production of wastes and rapid consumption of natural resources. One of the most pressing problems facing urban planners today is how to create sustainable urban communities and to bring existing non-sustainable communities to the path of sustainability. Some of the potential avenues toward solving the issue of sustainability are creating a new city that is similar to a town in walkability and closed-loop metabolism, but a global one, because of the use of technology and modern networks in attaining its sustainability goals; understanding the unique strengths and constraints of every urban community for urban planning/redesign; and incorporating ecological concepts and principles in how urban communities are perceived, which require collaboration across all main stakeholders, including the government, the business community, citizens, and other related professionals. The historical roots of these problems on sustainability are the vast industrialization across the world during the past centuries and the free-market philosophy of liberal economics and capitalism that disregard sustainability principles. Industrialization, since the eighteenth century up to now (as it goes in more in developing countries), has resulted to widespread exploitation of natural resources and workers alike (WCED 354). As the Brundtland report summarizes: â€Å"Thus today’s environmental challenges arise both from the lack of development and from the unintended consequences of some forms of economic growth† (WCED 354). In urban design, it means converting agricultural areas to manufacturing/commercial/residential/entertainment sites and creating high-rise cities where population is more compact and where resources are swiftly consumed.

New Media in Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

New Media in Art - Essay Example The merger of the digital and physical space alters not only our perception of space but also the sense of reality... (Space and Perception). Over the years, artists, scientists, media researchers and technology experts have shared their creative discoveries, theories and researches that have taken place in the fields related to space and perception. Identifying the common in these different views on realities and perception of space has lead to contextualizing and setting up the conceptual background for the development of emerging field of Mixed Reality. This has also activated the collaborative potential of art, and its relation to sciences, technology and other creative fields of present day society. In an attempt to root the theory of aesthetic experience of new media art, experiments to identify a "new philosophy" in a process to understand the new space have surfaced. The digital manipulation of space and time is indeed a revolutionary moment for philosophy (of art). Hansen has made his observations on the nature of embodied experience of new media (art) more precise in terms of philosophical aesthetics. (Hansen chapter 3-4) New media art is a genre that encompasses artworks created with new media technologies, including computer graphics, computer animation, the Internet, interactive technologies, robotics, and biotechnologies. The term differentiates itself by its resulting cultural objects, which can be seen in opposition to those deriving from old media arts, the traditional painting, sculpture, etc. New Media concerns are often derived from the telecommunications, mass media including the digital modes of delivery involving the artworks, with practices ranging from conceptual to virtual art, performance to installation. New Media generally applies to disciplines such as Digital art, Generative art, Hacktivism, Information art, Interactive art, Internet art, Performance art, Robotic art, Software art, Sound art, Video art, Virtual architecture and Video Game Art in the virtual space of the electronic media. (Wikipedia) Tracing the evolution of the concept of time in psychology from ancient to modern periods, a current and comprehensive review can be had on various physical, philosophical, and psychological theories and definitions of time, focusing on the methodological concerns of psychologists regarding the scientific investigation of time. Recalling the digital image, Hansen says : The image in a digital era is no more a cut into the flux of the real. It rather consists of processural realization of information in time where bodily intervention plays the constitutive, productive role of rendering of data. This fundamental reconfiguration of the image goes beyond many "interface" metaphors that have accompanied theories of new media claiming for "interactive access" to information. "In sum, the image can no longer be restricted to the level of surface appearance, but must be extended to encompass the entire process by which information is made perceivable through embodied experience." (Hansen 10) Following a notion of embodied perception, it is the human body that not only selectively filters images (Henri Bergson) but does create them in a process of enframing the digital information. Even though technical frames often appear to be primary they are rendered here secondary as a matter of principle. New media

Customer Satisfaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Customer Satisfaction - Essay Example The product development cycle starts with the assessment of the customer's needs and ends when the design is finally released. In this highly competitive environment world class organizations are supposed to implement the TQM strategy in order to continually seek better performance. In the world we live today, it must be amply clear that; In fact these guiding principles are inextricably linked to each other and development of this thought along with the development of other business processes can lead to some form of a competitive advantage in the market. The modern view of quality is that products should totally satisfy the customer's needs and expectations in every respect on a continuous basis. This new concept calls for a well designed product with functional perfection, providing satisfaction beyond customer's expectation, excellence in service and absolute empathy with customer. TQM therefore encompasses a set of critical factors (Powell, 1995; Li et al., 2003; Arawati, 2005). In general, some of these critical factors can be identified as; Top management commitment: The top management of a company must be convinced enough to adopting quality control programmes. This will help in conditioning the attitude of other departmental heads to regularly monitor the quality aspect. StrategicStrategic planning: Strategic planning is a process which, through an examination of external and internal factors for an organisation, results in a set of mission, purpose, objectives, policies, plans and programmes for implementation. Customer focus: A progressive organisation is supposed to have a strategy for quality which is based on customer perceptions of quality. Customer service after the sale of a product is considered as important as the quality of the product itself. Benchmarking: It is the process of following the best in the industry. Human resource management: Human resources form the crucial part of any organisation. They are the key players in producing and delivering quality. Supplier relationship: Suppliers too have a role in quality assurances as their role encompasses the identification, acquisition, access, positioning, and management of the resources required for the product and the company. Continuous improvement: Improvement is a never ending cyclic process. Product Quality requires to be continually improved to remain in the competition. Quality information system: How the quality principles are being implemented in the company and if required the management can decide to take a corrective course of action midway, is determined by the Quality Information System (QIS). It was in early 90s that the concept of Total Quality Management started being promoted as a way for business to wring out inefficiencies and boost productivity. TQM was considered the only way to effectively compete with the Japanese dominance in the manufacturing sector. It is a description of the culture, attitude and organization of a company that strives to provide customers with products and services satisfying their needs. KLEEMANN's activities1 concern both the manufacturing and

Dumb Ways to Die Essay Example for Free

Dumb Ways to Die Essay The social marketing ad campaign we chose to analyze is called, â€Å"Dumb Ways to Die,† created by the McCann Melbourne advertising agency for Metro Trains. The concept behind this ad was to raise awareness around train and railway safety. With the use of its clever and catchy theme song and animated characters demonstrating the numerous examples of, â€Å"Dumb Ways to Die,† the campaign has become a viral sensation. From its release date, of almost a year ago until now â€Å"DWTD† has had over 61+ million views on YouTube, has an interactive website dedicated solely to the campaign, an app available for Apple and Android devices as well as several parody versions of the video. When we first stumbled upon this ad it was confusing as to what the exact message was up until the very end. After conducting some light research we found that Metro Trains main concern when creating this ad was to target at-risk young people who used their trains and railways and McCann did just that. They created an ad that is fun, likeable and worth watching and showcased it in the heart of any young person’s life, the internet. McCann knew they had to get creative if they wanted to grasp the young people’s attention. However, we do not believe that this ad is effective in the way that McCann and Metro Trains had hoped it would be. Although the idea of the ad is catchy and memorable, train safety is not the first thing that comes to mind when we think of it. We believe McCann has a great idea and concept with â€Å"DWTD† but the execution is slightly flawed.

Best Practice and High Commitment HRM

Best Practice and High Commitment HRM Introduction What is high commitment HRM? It is a set of HRÂ  practices that has the potential to contribute towards organisational performance. They are mainly to increase labour turnover, reduce absenteeism, improvise employees behavior and attitude, improve quality and customer service. This has been argued by a set of US academics that there are a set of hr practices which can increase the productivity and organisational performance, these practices are good for the workers and the companies perspective, because it improves on employment security, training and development and the from the companies end it improves on the quality and the overall organisational performance. The best practices according to Pfeffer J (1998): Employment security and internal labour markets Selective hiring Extensive training, learning and development Team working High compensation contingent on performance Performance review appraisal and career development Reduction of status differentials/ harmonisation Work life balance Employment security and internal labour markets. This practice says that the company cannot ask everything from its employees without some expectation of employment security, which as a major concern over the employees future, but the author argues that how much of employment security the company can provide, the company cannot allow its employees to stay for their rest of their life nor they can sack the employees when required. The author considers this has one of most vital principles of high commitment Selective hiring and sophisticated selection Recruiting and retaining outstanding people and capturing a stock of exceptional human talent (Boxall 1996 , p 66-67) The author says that the most of the companies want to recruit those who can show commitment, team working skills and trainability in them. The company should be careful while defining the job profile in the advert so as to reduce the number of applications. The company should use precise techniques to recruit. The company should make use psychometric tests, structured interviews and work simulator in order to select the best. This process should be conducted by professional individuals. The author also points out the best key point about best practice selection is that the process of selection should be integrated and systematic, the company should make use of the techniques which are appropriate for the position and the organization. Extensive training, learning and development (kersley et al, 2005, p.84) says extensive training is to those companies who emphasis more on quality and customer service, where it is perceived to be crucial for organisational success. This practice says that the company having selected the best, the company should ensure they train their employees to be forefront in their field of work, the author also states, their has been a growing importance of individual and organisational learning to gain competitive advantage. (wright and gardner 2003, p312)says the word learning is very crucial as it demonstrates employer willingness to encourage and facilitate employee development rather than providing training to cover short term crisis. Employee involvement and participation and workers voice (Marchington and Wilkinson, 2005) say that there are numbers why EIP is an essential component of the high commitment. Firstly there should be communication about the company financial performance, strategy and operational matters. The message should be conveyed that they are to be trusted and treated in a positive manner. Secondly team working will provide a platform for workers to offer their suggestions and contribute towards organisational performance. Thirdly the management will consider the participation of workers to put across their ideas before decisions are ultimately made. EIP appears in prescription foe best practice or high commitment HRM, this may include downward communications, upward problem solving groups, all of which are designed to increase the involvement of individual employees in their workplace. The author also argues that it is difficult to compare results across studies and arrive at any firm conclusions about the importance of EIP to high commitment HRM. E IP is often little more than a cascade of information from management. The objective of such schemes such as team briefing is to reinforce the supervisor as an information disseminator. Self-managed teams/Team working (Marchington, 1999) says, team working as been identified by many employers as a fundamental component of organization success. Pfeffer, 1998, p76) says, team working is seen as a platform to make a better decision-making and the achievement of more creative solutions. The author also states that there is evidence that the employees who work in teams, generally report higher levels of satisfaction than their counter parts who work under the traditional regime. High compensation contingent on performance (Pfeffer 1998) says, that there are two elements to this practice, higher than average compensation and performance related reward, both these elements say that the employees are to be awarded for their superior contributions. The author says the pays should be competitive, to retain and to attract high quality labour. It should reflect different levels of workers contribution like being paid as regular bonus or through profit sharing schemes. (Huselid 1995) says two measures for this factor. One being the proportion of the workforce who have access to company incentive schemes, and the proportion, whose compensation is determined by performance appraisals. Performance review, appraisal and career development Performance review, appraisal and career development as key element in high commitment HRM, they help in defining performance expectations and in providing employees with their targets to aim for. There should be regular team meetings between the staff and the managers to review and feedback to the staff through performance appraisals. Performance review is concerned, that the current levels of performance are acceptable, and instigating action if they fall below expectations, it is also important in helping the workers to plan their future in the organization and in determining any further learning and training needs. Employers should be able to communicate clearly through the appraisal process, so as to link between the organisational performance and hr practices. Reduction of status differences /harmonisation This practice states that the companies which employ manual workers, should convey message to these workers and the lower level staff that they are also valuable assets and deserve to be treated in a similar way to their senior colleagues. This practice allows the employees to offer ideas within an open management culture. This practice can be achieved by having staff uniforms, shared canteens and car parking facilities. This helps to break down artificial barriers between different groups of staff, which will in turn encourage and support team working and flexibility. The company should extend share ownership to the workforce and by doing this status difference can be reduced. Work life balance Most of the companies are emphasizing on work life balance. Mainly women employees because they have to work and take care of the family too. many of the companies are changing their policies to attract and retain those women employees who have responsibility.(Houston 2005, CIPD 2006) After briefly explaining the best practices of high commitment HRM, I can understand that each of these practices is important in improvising on the organization growth. Most of the authors say that these practices cannot be implemented in isolation, but they should implemented in a package (Mac duffie 1995) most of the literature says that these practices support and mutually reinforce each other, for example workers are more positive if there is employment security and status free, workers show more interest in team working if their efforts are rewarded with performance related pay, work life balance, access to training opportunities and share ownership. We can understand if there was a formal way of a selection and induction employees are more likely to adopt flexible practices and to training opportunities. All these practices will pay of only if there is strong organisational culture. This is argued that these practices form a synergetic bundle which helps the organization to en joy success. A research was conducted by john Purcell, this study was basically to check the link between hr practices and people management and how hr practices impact on performance. This research was carried on 12 organizations in different sectors of the industry. The research was done by interviewing front line employees and line managers, at the initial stage most of the companies had a big idea which the company is trying to achieve. Most of the companies which had an big idea, it was not just a mission statement but it was the values which was spread throughout the organization so that they are embedded in their policies and practices, so these organization had strong practices to improve on the organizational performance. The research also said its important to have good front line managers who can implement the practices, its not enough to have good hr policies but there should be someone that makes sure that these policies are followed. It is important that these practices are followed , so that the employees feel good and take that extra mile at work. We can say that if a company as good line managers who can implement these practices in a right way so to bring the best in the workers, so that they can help on improvising on the overall perspective of the organization. On the contradictory these practices will show good results only if they are followed together, Various authors have found out the drawbacks of these practices, (wood and de menezes 1998:487) note that most of the studies indicate the lack of consistency, reporting fragmentation, a pick and mix approach of human resource they even found out short termism packages of HRM, rather than deploying integrated, consistent and long term packages of HRM. (Truss et al) say that they hardly found out evidence of any deliberate or realized coherence Between hr practices, in their research one of the Hr officer said the company would recruit one employee and sack another from another department, then where is the practice called employment security. (pfeffer) says that most of the smart companies often do dumb things, failing to learn from examples. They say that there is support for the notion that HR practices do operate more effectively when combined together. They also say that the precise number and mix of these is more open to debate, for example extensive training is an essential requirement for self managed teams to run effectively, higher than average rewards are more to impact on the numbers of applications for the job and to the consistency of selective hiring practices. The provision of financial and performance information to all employee is likely to be part of a wider harmonisation package. Any employer is willing to show more employment security if there is effective selective process; self managed teams are more extensive though the organization and compensation is based on performance. (Huselid1995, Dyer and reeves1995) say that marginal changes on practices have little or no effect on productivity. Employers may make employee security a guarantee, condition only on an agreement that pay can be substantially adjusted in order to maintain employment in lean times. Few employees are offered security but with a price that they have to flexible, to move jobs and locations to maintain employment, they should be flexible to undertake retraining and to adjust in working hours. (Pfeffer) also said eliminating layers of management by instituting teams saves money. He says that self managed staff can also take on tasks, which was done by specialized personal, by doing this company can reduce the numbers of levels in the hierarchy and thus making senior managers more visible and more accessible. Some of the key methodological issues faced by the researchers was that there was inconsistencies between the studies, where one research ignored one factor and including the other, practice like employment security by pfeffer was not included in the list of Delaney and Huselid 1996, Youndt 1996, Patterson et al 1997, wood and de Menezes 1998. Some authors include some measure of employee voice rather than achieved by employee involvement. Pfeffer says, he is uncertain why researchers have included or excluded certain HR practices. He says the list can be developed on the basis of the other researchers have used or by constructing groups of practices on the basis of factor analysis. (Huselid 1995 645-647) identified two groups of practices namely employee skills and organisational structures they include job design, enhanced selectivity, formal training, various forms of participation and profit sharing. (Patterson et al, 1997) also emerged with two groups of practices job design and acquisition and development of employee skills. Guest says that there must be strong empirical base and a clear theoretical specification of hr practices that have to be included. Pfeffer says that the closer the organization gets towards the best practices the better, the better the performance. Guest points out that there may be room for variations between organization and practices which they follow in specific to external and internal circumstances. Conclusion The main focus of this study was check that can organization performance can be improved by following a set of Hr practices. The study led to suggestions that there is one way in which HRM should be delivered , moreover that these practices have an positive impact on the organization. This remains an idea that a bundle if hr practices and policies is capable of making major contribution towards organization success in all work places. On the contradictory side, weather this set of practices will suitable or which make a difference to lower line performance organizations.

Business Leadership Development Agenda Personal Development Essay

Business Leadership Development Agenda Personal Development Essay Current research shows that knowledge and skills are the two important elements in the field of leadership that makes people more effective leaders. I want to be an effective leader who has all the capabilities of building an efficient leadership strategy. Based on my evaluation from my observers I feel that I need to work on the areas where I can show others how their interests can be realized and how they can share a dream of their future. Based on Boyatziss intentional change model of self-Directed learning (Savage 2010) I have used this model in my own research as my individual action plan. I found that my leadership behavior ranking based on average observers score and my personal score differs. I think improving one weakness of my leadership behavior will change the hidden behavior in me that I cannot realize. Ideal Self Initially, I want to be remembered as a leader who can solve conflicts between the employees by acting as an effective mediator and thus gaining respect from them. I would hope that others recognize my interpersonal skills and being motivated and emulate such behavior. I would like to be known as someone who is more generous with praise and kind words of encouragement. I also would like to be remembered as a legacy leader who empowers the employees and the people around. I want to recognize as a person who foster power in people for use in their own lives, their communities and in their society, by acting on issues they define as important. As discussed in my leadership legacy and taking on such a leadership role, I want to garner respect and admiration from those around me. For my leadership legacy, I would want to be known as a successful leader who wants to hold onto and hold out, for everyone to see, their vision and their values. I want to create opportunities and positive influence on others to be inspired and to understand and accept leadership roles.  I want to be remembered as the leader who tirelessly advocated for the differences in people as essential building blocks to creating a learning community and consistently calibrated their journey into excellence by modeling accountability and responsibility for their leadership roles, and encouraged others to do the same. Finally, I would like to act as a mentor to my colleagues by teaching them what I have learned through my experiences. I would like to leave behind the tools for holding, creating, influencing, advocating and calibrating the solid input to make decisions about when to step up, to step back, and to step off the action which would impact future. My real self Based on the feedback I received from Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI), Influence Strategies Exercise (ISE) and essential Enneagram, I believe that I have the strong motivational power that drives the success and encouragement. In my leadership legacy statement, I stated that I always want to empower people and motivate them to foster power in peoples lives. This characteristic feature represents me as a type 3 (The Performer) on the Essential Enneagram. As a performer, I want to develop a goal ahead energy of self-deception to match the image of success and approval. In addition to this, I want to encourage people to feel good about them and show them the appreciation on something they have accomplished. Moreover in the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (LSI) 2010, I found an additional overlap between my ideal self and myself. Previously I mentioned in my leadership legacy statement that I want to be an effective mediator who is able to view concrete situations from many different points of view. In the LPI, my observers and I rated myself highly in the practice, Enable Others act. I personally believe that every individual should be treated with dignity and respect and each individual has its own strengths and weaknesses which make them different from others. The understanding of what people can do well and what they do less well is important both to the person and organization. The differences should be valued and used to the full advantage. Leadership Gap analysis: While analyzing my ideal and real self I identified some gaps that include both my strength and weaknesses. In my leadership legacy statement I would like to be remembered as a legacy leader who empowers the employees and the people around recognize my interpersonal skills and being motivated and emulate such behavior. As a type three mediator on Essential Enneagram, I tend to focus and concentrate on things to get job done. I also stated that I want to be remembered as a leader who has the ability of solving conflicts between people by acting as an effective mediator. However, I sometimes have problems in making decisions and I think I also need somebody to discuss the resolution to the problem because sometimes it appears to me equally good and important. In addition to that, I also found some gaps in the area of inspiring shared vision on the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Kouzes Posner, personal communication June 14, 2010). Furthermore, as I identified in my leadership legacy statement I want to create opportunities and positive influence on others to be inspired, understand and accept leadership roles. I feel I will have considerably difficulty in showing others how their interest can be realized and described as a compelling image of the future. However, as the Performer, Enneagram and Leadership (Savage, 2010). I can become inspiring example of excellence and authenticity or blindly pursue success and status but I feel I will have to struggle with the concept of pursuing things more effectively and efficiently even there is a chance failure. My ideal self allows me to admit mistakes and listen to suggestions for improvement but sometimes I feel not making any mistakes and accomplish task more efficiently. Initially, I thought I might be type 1 The perfectionist, Enneagram and Leadership (Savage, 2010) because I do believe I can change myself and my environment to fit my ideas and organize things logically but I still feel that type three is more of my style because my first priority in accomplishing my goal is to concentrate more efficiently and get things done more quickly. The last gap I noticed was related to Bargaining Influence Strategies Exercise (Hay group, 2007). The purpose of bargaining is to gain support by negotiating a mutually satisfactory outcome; exchanging favors, sharing resources, making concessions Influence Strategies Exercise (Hay group, 2007). For me I always want to make sure that I am taking everybodys decisions and needs into consideration, I may not keep my needs or agenda into my consideration while I am listening to the suggestions and opinions from people. Based on what I have heard I will create an opinion. Typically I will not avoid the situation where there is a conflict infact I will try to resolve the conflict and come up with the resolution that best fits the needs of people and their concerns. Sustaining Leadership Strengths According to the LPI my strengths are in the area of encouraging confidence, enabling diversity and modeling the values and consensus. The 10 observer groups rated me high in encouraging confidence. The other was enabling diversity which was next in line. Builds consensus around organization value was the last because my observers rated me the third highest in this area of strength (Kouzes Posner, personal communication, June 14, 2010). When it comes to organizational skills, I believe that any administration should be organized and punctual. For example, the administration of ACCESS in Ashland University, these characteristics should be present. It is my belief that having good organizational skills means a better way of doing things. We all have learning differences and find some methods easy than others but how do we go about developing those skills. Leadership by encouragement is one of my practical interpersonal skills that can help in raising Emotional intelligence. In order to create that leadership strategy within the ACCESS it is important to review the administration strategy for implications for new leadership requirements. For the development of this leadership behavior, it is a good suggestion to have a team of experts that will analyze the problem and that are familiar with the processes of acquiring, retaining and development of good organizational development. I believe that I am not still an expert with this requirement and that the university still needs people who are very adept on this. My organizational strategy shall begin with the identifications of drivers of strategy that will help me in analyzing the key choices that includes my strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These factors shall be analyzed comprehensively. It is my goal to make a unique strategy that can be used by ACCESS which can understand what the things essential to the students are. It is very important to accomplish a collective leadership for this. I should have clear implications for what a leader like me should do well in order for an organization to succeed in leadership strategies. It is therefore important that my focus should be primarily on the implications primarily on the implications in leadership strategy that has to be more specific reflecting the actual opportunities and issues surrounding the key drivers. After the implication has been identified my next step will be to develop the leadership strategy in order to assess the current leadership situation and compare it to the desired future. Once the implication has been confirmed and extracted as a team through various ways within the organization, then the leadership developmental strategy should be addressed which will then follow the specific recommendations regarding approaches to be taken to develop current and future leaders as well as the organizations leadership, in line with the leadership strategy. Other thing that needs to be taken on to consideration while developing the strategy is an iterative process involving a team. Because this process will produce a useful conversations that have never taken place before. Those conversations themselves may act as interventions that will help in dealing with the issues within the organization. In creating a leadership strategy it is important to know the leadership culture that is required to implement the strategy and also interfere with effective performance. Once again, it is not how many leaders are in place, it is what actually do they determines whether the organization succeeds or fails. Cultural change that has a negative impact on the working environment should also be addressed. This is the present condition on the ACCESS department within Ashland University. . Due to the less number of staff and with the increased number of students, students are not able to explore the new environment because they are not getting opportunities to share their views and know the different culture. Director of the International student advisor who is currently running the ACCESS department will be my mentor with whom I talk about the situation and discuss the solution of the problem. Pesek is the only person who I can talk and gather information regarding the problems and can provide me with the resources and can serve my advisor and counselor throughout the whole process. In order to diagnose the current problem, it is necessary to diagnose the current status of the problem and to evaluate the organizational change gained through the experimentation and survey feedback. Due to the absence of program Director the organizational culture within the ACCESS is not effective. The staff and faculty have no control over the conflicts and work problems that arise. My approach to the problem will be to create effective leadership strategies and change the way the organization looks currently and implement those areas which need to be focused and monitor every change that results. Leadership Development Goal My main goal in developing my leadership ability is to be more sensitive with the issues surrounding my organization. As a part of the ACCESS Department in Ashland University, it will be my task to be keen in observing what needs to be changed and improved. By doing such, I will be impartial. I shall hear both sides of the story in order for me to weigh my judgment evenly. Another goal in developing my leadership skills is to be flexible in dealing with all circumstances. By being flexible, I believe that I can be an effective leader since I know I can deal with any situation and be on top of things. Finally, I want to be leader that communicates. Communication is very important in leadership. Benefits in Attaining this Goal The first goal which I mentioned is being sensitive with issues surrounding my organization. The benefit of being able to attain this goal is that I will be keen with any issues that my organization shall face. By being such, I can be developed into a proactive leader. This means that measures are continuously done in order to prevent the rising of a crisis. This will not only benefit me but also the entire organization. Alongside with this is being an impartial leader. Being such a leader should benefit the organization as well as all members of it since a just leader earns respect and that ensures that the organization is geared towards success. The benefit of being a flexible leader is that he or she can be able to face all issues and still be on top of things. I want to be that kind of leader. Many organizations fail or drowned in issues because some of its leaders are not able to adapt in certain issues. By being a flexible leader, I believe that I can be effective since I can lead my organization in any issue that it will face. Finally, a leader that communicates is an effective leader. Good communication between leaders and subordinates ensures that messages are conveyed clearly, therefore, good results can be expected. Obstacles in Attaining this Goal There will be obstacles that I know that I will come across in attaining the goals that I have set. Some of these are external factors such as some members of the organizations are unsupportive. This is because some members may not be at ease at being handled under new leadership styles. Other obstacles may be difficult circumstances that will tempt me in utilizing old but cooked leadership styles. In this situation, it is very important to stick with my principles in becoming an effective leader. Resources and Support in Achieving this Goal The resources that I tend to utilize in achieving the goals that I have mentioned are attending trainings and workshops that will tackle the leadership characteristics which I set to develop. These trainings shall help me in developing these characteristics wherein I cam learn from a team of experts as well as peers that are leaders themselves. Support from other organization members is very important for me in attaining these goals. Knowing that my peers from the organization support that such development is necessary for the growth of the organization will give me the strength and inspiration towards achieving such goals. Action Plan Goal: To be able to develop myself as a proactive, flexible and communicating leader. By being such, I can gear my organization towards a working environment that is conducive and that is driving towards success. Table of Action Steps Action step Measurement Timeline My main goal is to become an effective leader that includes the characteristic of being proactive, flexible and a good communicator. I will ask my peers to do an appraisal for me in terms of the characteristics that I mentioned. By the end of September 2010 I will analyze the data I collected from my resources and evaluate it. I will attend trainings and workshop on being proactive. After the training, an appraisal shall be done again for this characteristic. By the end of September 2010. I will attend trainings and workshops on being a flexible leader. After the training, an appraisal shall be done again for this characteristic. By the end of September 2010. I will attend trainings and workshops on being a good communicator. After the training, an appraisal shall be done again for this characteristic. By the end of September 2010. Implement the leanings that I have gained from these trainings on the organization. I shall establish a feedback system in order to monitor the performance. By the end of September 2010. Impart the learning and leadership style by means of succession plan. Create measures and criteria on whom is qualified on becoming a next leader in the organization. Year 2011 onwards. Conclusion I want provide a positive feedback that will help me to present creative and inspirational image of the students at Ashland University. Different people have different personalities and I think I have an ability to change behavior which shows that I am type 3 on Enneagram (Savage 2010) which says I can become an inspiring example of excellence and authenticity or blindly pursue success and status. I believe that it is important to listen to the suggestions what people say about my behavior it is possible that I may not notice changes in my behavior while perceived by others. In order for me to become a successful leader I need to interact with my followers, peers, seniors, and others; whose support will help me to accomplish my goals. For gaining the support of my peers and seniors I must be able to understand and motivate them and know the human behavior. Human behavior plays an important role in leadership strategy and they behave according to certain principles of human nature. As a leader I must understand these needs because they can be powerful motivators. I have learnt multiple facets of leadership from an interdisciplinary perspective. I am investigating my leadership behaviors, to be more reflective in their responses and make plans to improve the effectiveness. I am able to determine exactly what goals I want to target and how I can strategically limit and focus my efforts and develop an individualized leadership developmental plan.

Cattells Big Five Factors Essay -- science

Cattell's Big Five Factors Cattell’s Big Five Factors of Personality, Behavioral Genetics, and Evolutionary Personality Theory. Current Research Raymond Cattell (1905-present) designed the â€Å"Big five Factors of Personality†, in which five classifications are revealed. Big Five factors: #1 extraversion vs. introversion, #2 agreeableness vs. antagonism, #3 conscientiousness vs. undirected ness, #4 neuroticism vs. emotional stability, and #5 openness to experience vs. not open to experience. Han’s Eysenck’s and Sir Francis Galton behavior genetics research and Arnold Buss’ three concerns for evolutionary personality theory coinsided with each other. The Big five represents a catalog of traits that some personality psychologists suggest capture the essence of individual differences in personality. Raymond Cattell used Allport and Odbert’s 4500 trait-descriptives in which he extracted 35 traits. After others continued to analyze these factors and found congruence with the ratings, that eventually became the Big five Factors of Personality. In order to fully understand the origin of these factors an outline for factor analysis must be explained. Factor analysis studies where conducted and the results where used in an analysis technique generally done with computers to determine meaningful relationships and patterns in behavioral data. Beginning with a large number of behavioral variables, the computer finds relationships or natural connections where variables are maximally correlated with one another and minimally correlated with other variables, and then it groups the data accordingly. After this process has been repeated many times a pattern of relationships or certain factors that capture the essence of all the data appears (Pervin & John 1999). The same process used to determine the Big Five Personality factors; copious amounts of different researchers that have done numerous tests and they all agree that the â€Å"Big five Factors† are the only consistently reliable factors that have been found. Big Five factors include: #1 extraversion vs. introversion, #2 agreeableness vs. antagonism, #3 conscientiousness vs. undirected ness, #4 neuroticism vs. emotional stability, and #5 openness to experience vs. not open to experience, these breakdown into understandable terms. #1 Extraversion implies an energetic approach to the social and material wo... ...between human nature and individual characteristics? He also acknowledged three criteria from evolutionary biology for determining a characteristic as a part of human nature. These are: it must be universal. Must be â€Å"innate, unconditioned, and relatively difficult to modify† (p.1139). And lastly it must have an adaptive function (Lindsey and Campbell p. 352,1998). In conclusion, all of these theories have laid the groundwork for mapping complex human behavior. It is still unclear when and how much of our personalities/traits come from genetics and how much is influenced by outside factors. Many believe you must learn of your past in order to succeed in the future, but understanding how we became what we are today is of equal importance. With the advances in technology, DNA/Genetics who knows what answers the future will hold for us. References Hall, C., Lindzey, G., Campbell, J. (1998). Theories of Personality (4th ed.) (pp.343-356) John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Pervin, L. & John, O. (Eds) (1999). Handbook of Personality: theory and research. New York: Gilford. Potkay, C. & Allen, B (1986). Personality: Theory, research, and applications. California: Brooks/Cole.

Buying an Existing Website :: Sell Website

Buying an Existing Website Have you considered being your own boss, creating your own financial independence and making your own dreams a reality? You're not alone, owning your own business is the "American dream". But the reality is that buying a business is a serious financial and personal commitment that requires an understanding of what makes a business successful. All too often, new owners jump blindly into a business venture, overwhelmed by the tremendous workload of starting a business from the ground up. A government survey shows that 60% of new businesses fail within the first three years. An existing, established business that is purchased by a new owner shows a minimal failure rate. If you have considered the thought of owning your own business, buying an existing business has many advantages over building a business from scratch: You can review actual operating results, rather than projected results. You get immediate cash flow from the ongoing business activities. You will have trained employees in place. You will have established suppliers. You will have established customers and referral business. You will have existing licenses and permits. The seller will train you in operating the business. In most cases, the seller will provide the financing you need to buy the business. SUNBELT Business brokers know the reasons a good business succeeds. SUNBELT itself is a franchise that ranks number one in the business brokerage industry. SUNBELT has over twenty years of matching the right business opportunity with the right buyer. It's that simple. From understanding the reasons an on-going business can provide a positive cash flow, to the value of an established name, location and customer base to the inner workings of new owner financing and sealing the deal - SUNBELT can make your dreams reality. With the right negotiations, a business can actually pay for itself - let SUNBELT show you how. Confidentiality Unlike the sale of real estate or franchises, the sale of an on-going business is very confidential for both the seller and the prospective buyer. All inquiries are held in strict confidence. Meetings and information shared or observed are to be held in strict confidence. To ensure confidentiality for all parties, SUNBELT brokers require a confidentiality agreement to be signed. In return for granting you, the prospective buyer, access to investigate the operations of the seller's business and otherwise private information, the prospective buyer promises to use the information for the sole purpose of evaluating the benefits and risks of purchasing the seller's business in strict confidence.

Interpersonal Communication in an Intercultural Setting :: essays papers

Interpersonal Communication in an Intercultural Setting Cultural growth in the twenty-first century has heightened the emphasis on interpersonal communication in an intercultural setting. As our world grows, expands and becomes increasingly more interconnected by various technological advances, the need for effective interpersonal communication among differing cultures has become quite clear. Due to the advancement of technology in today's world, a world in which some businesspeople are involved in transactions with other businesspeople in faraway countries, the call for knowledge of intercultural communication within this setting has become a reality. Interpersonal communication is a form of communication that involves a small number of people who can interact exclusively with one another and who therefore have the ability to both adapt their messages specifically for those others and to obtain immediate interpretations from them (Lustig et al, 1993). Although interpersonal communication is usually thought of as being perf! ormed in small, centralized groups, a need to broaden these groups and bring about a general feeling of cultural awareness has become apparent. To a certain degree, all communication could be called interpersonal, as it occurs between two or more people. However, it is useful and practical to restrict the definition to distinguish those relationships that involve a relatively small group of people, such as couples, families, friends, workgroups, and even classroom groups from those involving much larger numbers of people, as would occur in public rallies or among massive television audiences. Unlike other forms of communication, interpersonal communication involves person-to-person interactions. Additionally, the perception that a social bond has developed between the interactants, however tenuous and temporary it may seem, is also much more likely. Intercultural communication is a symbolic, interpretive, transactional, contextual processing tool with which people from different cultures create shared meanings (Berko et al, 1998). When we speak to someone with whom we share little or no cultural bond, it is referred to as intercultural communication. Our need to communicate across culture can be very beneficial personally and professionally. Within an intercultural setting, nonverbal and verbal communication are both prevalent in emphasizing the differences in cultures. The way we act and the things we say determine whether or not we belong in a certain culture. Nonverbal communication systems provide information about the meaning associated with the use of space, time, touch and gestures. They help to define the boundaries between the members and nonmembers of a culture (Koester at al, 1993). In order to fully enjoy and benefit from interpersonal communication in an intercultural setting, one must first gain a fu! ll, comprehensive knowledge of the determining factors of culture.

Moral Dilemas Essay

This situation is a moral dilemma because Captain Ericson has to make a very hard decision, to either destroy the u-boat whilst killing the men in the water or to save the stranded men but risk future trouble and destruction by letting the u-boat go ie it is a situation to which his everyday morality cannot identify a solution. The ethical principles in this situation are very simple but it is very hard to determine what is best for everyone. If you sink the u-boat and kill the men you may have saved the lives of thousands of people in the future but at the same time you have slaughtered 40 hundreds of your own men who have done nothing but fight for their country. Having said this if you leave the u-boat and save your comrades from the water you have saved the lives of a few men but risked the lives of tens of thousands in the future. By destroying the u-boat he is obeying the principle of the military duty of an officer to his superiors and his country by destroying the enemy, and I quote â€Å"attacking at all costs†. On top of performing his military duty by getting rid of the u-boat he is likely to save the lives of the men on convoys that would be threatened by the same u-boat if it were not destroyed. Ericson â€Å"shut and battened down his mind† because it is human nature to doubt a decision directly after having made it; this is done because of our need for perfection. And so Ericson did this because he did not want nor could he allow doubt to enter his mind for even a second for fear of inaccuracy in judgement and failure to carryout his decision with precision. Also in order to be at ease with his decision he constantly needs to reassure himself that it was the right choice and this would be extremely hard to do if he constantly had doubt creeping into his head. Also he needs to block out all human emotions and pity for those men in order to make the correct decision. Some would argue that Ericson’s actions were completely irrational because instead of avoiding violence and death which would have spared many lives he went ahead with his military instinct, as a result killing many men both English and foreign. Some would argue that he had the chance to come out of the situation without a slaughter on his hands, which according to the religious man would have been the moral thing to do. However we must ask ourselves what we are doing in a war if we are not prepared to make a decision based in military procedure and ethics for the greater good. Therefore from my point of view I feel that Ericson made a responsible decision taking into account the factor of the safety of other men in an extremely pressured situation, a situation which thankfully I will probably never have to make nor do I feel I would have the strength nor the character to make a well balanced decision and stand for the consequences. His decision may not have been the right one but there are always going to be people with different points of view on things but whether it was the right one or not is not really relevant nor should it be dwelt upon as everyone makes mistakes at some point in their lives. In this case it was his decision to make because his superiors obviously thought he was the right man for the job, not without reason and so he made the decision under extreme pressure and in a situation which did not have many alternatives which he had been appointed to make following not moral procedure but military procedure as is the custom during. And so taking all of this into consideration I personally feel he did the right thing. As always with a question like this we must consider both arguments. To be honest we cannot establish whether Ericson is a good person or not, as the case may be simply by examining one event as people make mistakes, that is what makes us human. Having said this there is no real reason to assume that his actions were a mistake and that he acted wrongly. On the contrary I feel that Ericson did exactly what a man in his position should do. He acted only after he was sure and only after taking into account the consequences of his actions and in this case he clearly felt that he would be acting for the greater good. In war it is the norm to sacrifice one man for the safety of hundreds of others and I feel that even thought his theory is not religiously moral it is still correct because in a time of war we have no time for things like moral issues, its either kill or be killed, the enemy will shoe no mercy so why should we. Therefore I do think that he is a good person as I simply think that he is a very stressed out man in a very difficult situation with the lives of hundreds at his mercy trying to do the right thing which is military procedure which he would have been taught; kill for the greater good. Having said this a religious man would say not necessarily that he is a bad man but that he made the wrong decision in this case because instead of avoiding murder which although is lisenced in war is morally wrong. He would look much deeper into the emotions of those men in the water which is exactly what military school trains you not to do, mixing emotions with actions can get you confused and in a military situation this can make you weak and vulnerable. Therefore in conclusion I think it is fair to say that we cannot really establish whether he is a good man or not but that according to some peoples’ views he made the wrong decision.

Japanese Culture and Society Essay

lacquer is region having a strong economic power, and nice income levels and the citizens standard of living argon wholenessness of the graduate(prenominal)est in the customary. japans fruitful economy is a gist of fine consumer goods exports which were developed with the freshst technologies that lacquer has to offer. A nonher mover which make japan rise would be its wellspring-rounded destination. wiz of the noniceable factors of japans culture would be its education. k flatledge is a alter factor in a someones life and a res publica. Education is one important factor in creating a strong country.The adult literacy set out in lacquer is exceeding 99 percentage which makes lacquer to be one of the top nations in the whole world in terms of educational achievement. educate education in japan begins originally grade one in pre inform. It is unthaw and a compulsory need for dewy-eyed and lower-ranking advanced shoal education. In Japan, much than 99 per cent of simple(a) take aim-aged children atomic number 18 going to their respective civilize which is an astonishing statistic for a nation. Their high initiate atomic number 18 composed of two divisions which argon junior and senior high school which is composed of three years apiece.An aim of one third of the senior high school scholars continues their education to college. Their admission to varied high schools and university be based on difficult juggle exams. on that point is everywheremuch competition in braceting a high position in the entrance exams because or so of Japans well paying jobs admit employees of the graduates of high holding universities. Approximately, 1 percent of principal(a) schools and 5 percent of junior high schools are private establishments or are not owned by the government. An estimated of 25 percent of high schools are privately owned.There are no biases between state-supported and private schools in Japan, entrances to select ed universities are not based on the situation of a students school. In the year 1998, it was evident that in that location were 604 four-year college universities and 588 biyearly junior colleges were in Japan. Some of the elite and prominent universities in Japan complicate the University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Keio University in Tokyo. The early beginnings of education in Japan were sourced in the ideas and pedagogicss from ancient China. In the 16th and 17th centuries, European travellers similarly affected the Nipponese school education.From the years1640 to 1868, during Japans era of separation infra the Tokugawa shoguns, Buddhist temple called terakoya served as the schools of the country. The temples took right for the countrys education and made astounding developments in raising the literacy levels among the universe of the country. In the year 1867, it was assumed that there were more than 14,000 temple schools all over Japan. In the year 1872, the new M eiji government created a ministry of education and a radical educational code that integrated far-flung primary education.During this period, Japan looked at early(a)(a) nations such as Europe and northbound America for effective educational models. As the Japanese regime expanded during the late 1930s and early 1940s, education of the country became a factor for nationalistic and militaristic needs. After Japans get over in World War II, the educational system of the country was refurbished because of some concerns. Changes integrated the current grade structure that states that the elementary school is six years and junior and senior high school are composed of 3 years each there was excessively the implementation of a guarantee of equal access to free, public education.The changes included a finish to the teaching of nationalistic ideology. Reforms also sought to hike students self-expression and increase flexibility in broadcast and classroom procedures. Nonetheless so me critics pipe down deem that education in Japan is extensively rigorous, preferring memorization of facts at the outlay of imaginative expression, and geared to encouraging brformer(a)ly conventionality. Education in Japan is interpreted seriously and is a big attribute to the development of the country.Education is shown as factor in a jejunenesss life, it a vital block to a Japanese citizens structure and identity. Japan, as of any country, has its own social problems, this includes younker deviance. In Japan, there are also offspring problems such as unseasoned people smoking, drinking alcohol, reading big magazines and staying out late. These activities in some other countries are now accepted as ordinary young person culture. But one of the data radically shows that youths that participate in these appalling youth culture are mostly participated by lower high school students.(Yoder) The higher high school students do not involve themselves in these said youth culture unlike the lower high school students. (Yoder) higher(prenominal) high school students spend most of their time in culture. There are more occupied with schoolman and non academic matters such as aiming for high grades to get to an elite university and honing their skills in different sports and talents. It is a fact that when a Japanese student gets older, he becomes more mature and focuses his priorities more in his education than in terribly youth activities.Education in Japan offers a complete picture of immature people and a reasonable concord of their lives. Most of the labelled delinquents in the youth of Japan are those who do not participate much in school or are not manoeuvre by their parents and guardians. (Yoder) Japan has made schooling as guidance for its youth. The country has successfully installed the importance of education to their youth and the youth responds accordingly to it. If it werent for their proper education, Japans youth wouldnt rush anything t o guide it.The effect of education to the youth in Japan is great because the country focused a great muckle on education and allocated much silver for it. Even though most of Japan is comprised of public schools, the public schools still leave the same quality of education as of other private schools in other countries. (Yoder) This wonderful trait makes Japans education a wonderful asset to a Japanese person. Another distinguish on how much education affects Japan would be the effect of desensitize education. Until the mid-1970s, deaf(p) citizens of Japan receive few levelheaded privileges and little social acknowledgment.(Nakamura) By the law, they were categorise as minors or as mentally deficient, not capable of getting a drivers licenses or even sign contracts and wills. Many deaf people in the country worked at establishments that offer basic tasks or were often unemployed, and schools for the deaf initiate a composite regimen of speech reading and spoken speech approaches rather than signing. (Nakamura) After some(prenominal) decades, activism became the ears of deaf men and women which are now essentially acknowledged within mainstream of Japanese society.

Bcom275 Legalization of Marijuana

Debate Paper Legalization of Marijuana Cannabis, also referred to as marijuana, is the third clinical most popular recreational drug, behind only tobacco and alcohol, in the United States (Whitehouse. gov, 2013). Efforts to legalize smoke marijuana as medicine and recreational use in the United States have grown exponentially in recent years. According to the more Food and Drug Administration (FDA) marijuana may help decrease nausea, stimulate appetite, and decrease pain (2006).So many women and men talk about Marijuana like its not a medication.Overall, 6. 9 percent, or 17. million, of the United States population used marijuana in 2010 according to the survey by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Increase Use of Marijuana, 2011, para. 2).Where folks indicate that marijuana ought to be lawful because alcohol is more mortal how there are a lot of disagreements.

$5. 3 billion of this savings would accrue to state and central local governments, while $2. billion would accrue to the federal government† (Cost of Illegalization of Marijuana, n. d.Marijuana ought to be legal.7 billion per year, but losing potential revenue. Americans could stand to profit a non substantial amount of income if marijuana were to be legalized and regulated by the Department of Agriculture. â€Å"Revenue from double taxation of marijuana sales would range from $2. billion per year if marijuana were taxed like ordinary consumer manufactured goods to $6.Marijuana isnt legal in New Hampshire, whatever the quantity you own.

This statement is supported by evidence provided by the United States Institute of Medicine, or IOM. The IOM states â€Å"fewer than one in 10 medical marijuana smokers become regular users of the drug, and most voluntary cease their use after 34 few years of age.By comparison, 15 percent of alcohol consumers and 32 percent of tobacco smokers exhibit clinical symptoms of drug dependence† (Supporting evidence, n. d.Retail marijuana wasnt the choice among De Beque s steps.President Richard anti Nixon commissioned the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse in 1972.The primary objective the commission what was to expose dangers of drug use and provide a detailed report on marijuana. Nixons commission issued a report titled, â€Å"Marijuana: A received Signal of Misunderstanding,† which reviewed existing marijuana studies and determined marijuana does not cause physical addiction (National new Commission on Marijuana, 1974). Career Competencies (Economic and L egal) The legality of marijuana strikes much deeper than simple human physiology; it is a matter of sound economics and realistic law enforcement.Marijuana is the most commonly used drug among Americans.

Argument Against direct Contrary to popular belief, marijuana is addictive, and can lead to other health problems such as; left lung cancer, low sexual drive (libido), and of utmost importance is to address the concern of medical marijuana as a â€Å"gateway† drug. Addiction has been redefined and continually evolving for decades. Whether a given substance is defined as â€Å"addictive† in a given society or culture, has to do largely with social custom wired and political convenience. Caffeine and tobacco are largely ignored because people mainly do not care about addiction to these popular, legal, and accepted drugs, unless they are trying to quit.Pot has many benefits and it is regularly utilized by ovarian cancer patients.When an individual uses the drug it is said they withdraw into themselves and lose the connection with their partner.Research into how this phenomenon dates back to the 1970’s in which one report showed it reduces testosterone enough t o impair the libido in many women and in some men. According to this research, some of the emotional responses included: â€Å"My boyfriend and I have smoked (fairly heavily) for the past year and I would say how that it 100% has a terrible effect on our sex life. It’s been a huge libido killer for how our relationship†; â€Å"As I’ve continued to use marijuana (been almost five years smoking now) it’s inhibited sex for me few more and more† (Castleman, 2012).Therefore the reason behind marijuanas status isnt really there.

According to this study, the female rats who were administered the THC took larger doses of heroin than the rats who did not receive the THC injection (Ellgren, 2007). Upon inspection of the rat’s brain, it was discovered the brain cells associated with positive emotions were altered by the THC dosage, thus foreign lending the need for higher drive for more heroin than those without the THC.Ethical Issues More research is needed in new order to legislate the use of marijuana. Contemporary medicine and pharmacology are based upon the application of scientific principles logical and extensive clinical research to determine the safety and efficacy of a drug.Medicinal marijuana is possibly the choice of medication.Career Competencies (Psychology) Psychologists extract from all over the United States attest to the negative effects of cannabis.According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental mental Disorders (DSM) a cannabis user can develop; cannabis intoxication- development of maladaptive behavior that developed shortly after or during cannabis use; cannabis intoxication delirium- a disturbance of consciousness with reduced ability to focus, sustain, or significant shift attention; cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, with delusions- prominent hallucinations or delusions in excess of those usually associated with the intoxication; and cannabis-induced anxiety disorder- prominent anxiety, panic attacks, or obsessions or compulsions that many causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning American Psychiatric Association, (2000).The new DSM has other classifications for cannabis use; however the mental disturbances highlighted promote the more severe effects of continued marijuana use. Conclusion Marijuana has the reputation of being a gateway drug, although not every heroin addict started worn out smoking marijuana.Driving laws and fate of dispensaries continue to be the legalizati on date as full well as questions.

Taxation of marijuana alone would help the economy. The fact the U. S. is muscular wasting 7.Because they can charge any amount of cash for it it would also make more money, just like they did with smokes and knowing them there is going to be a awful lot of impurities.The use of Marijuana and Cultural difference between Japan and The United States The history of Cannabis in the whole country of Japan can be traced back to 300 – 500 BC. Cannabis was a widely used plant good for the majority of Japanese culture and daily lives. Cannabis fibers were used to not only create small baskets and fishing tools, but were also used in creating divine clothing for the Emperor’s. Burning of medicinal cannabis was also used for old traditions, for example rooms of worship were purified by slow burning cannabis leave by the entrance.Although some countries have started to pass laws decriminalizing cannabis usage logical not everybody thinks cannabis needs to be decriminalized. < /p>

Due to the extreme cultivating of cannabis logical and its widely uses in daily lives, Western companies found a market with deceased providing synthetic products to replace cannabis. Today, cannabis is a drug guarded and considered taboo among the Japanese culture.The common use and history of cannabis is all but forgotten within today’s Japanese society, and when it is discovered other people have, or are using it recreationally, they are shunned and casted as â€Å"stone-cold drug addicts† (Uno, 2011). Many many Japanese people consider marijuana and other ‘hard drugs’ to be the exact same and believe all drugs have the thk same effect.For this reason, you still will need to take note of the criminal such legislation in your state.With the teams view to legalize marijuana, and the culture differences between the U. S. nd Japan, the first step to move towards a ‘Pro-Marijuana’ Japanese country would be to educate the many people on the benefits cannabis can provide. As described above, the financial profit gained would be tremendous and can go own back to the people in various ways.Cannabis may be used for treatment to begin with.

Retrieved from http://www. ama-assn. rg/ african American Psychiatric Association, (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed.Cannabis comprises a substance referred to.apa. org/topics/addiction/index. aspx Argument: Marijuana is not addictive. (n.Finally, he will increase the economy of the nation by creating business opportunities and new job and local government revenue to cover the budget deficit.

org/en/index. php/Argument:_Marijuana_is_not_addictive Bonnie, R. , & Whitbread, C. (n.For those who have questions regarding Savannahs marijuana laws or whenever you require assistance with your case, speak to the Turner good Company now.druglibrary. org/schaffer/Library/studies/vlr/vlr3. htm Castleman, Michael. Marijuanas Effects on Sex Vary with Individuals.Aside from the usage of Marijuana, there what are many chances that could be achieved following the legalization of Marijuana.

Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"Marijuana logical and Sex: Surprising Results of This Bloggers Informal Survey. † Psychology Today (1 May 2011).Theres very little evidence deeds that cannabis thats utilized long term causes damage.Ellgren, Maria. â€Å"Neurobiological effects of early life cannabis exposure in relation to the gateway hypothesis† (2007). Retrieved from http://publications. ki.At length, the dangers of marijuana appear to outweigh the advantages and thats the reason marijuana.

gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108643. htm Hays, J. (2009).Marijuana, Legal Highs and Illegal drugs in Japan.† Medical Marijuana. Ed. Noel Merino. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011.Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http://www. reuters. com/article/2011/09/08/usa-drugs-idUSN1E7870N520110908 Olson, D. (1998).

Prostate Cancer in African American Men Essay

malignant neoplastic affection has ever to a greater extent been adept of the n archaeozoic dreaded infirmitys of humans. This incurable illness has furrowed the police van and inspirit of me precise, and has perpetu e precise last(p tearingicate)y left oer(p) an unerasable scraping in its perseverings lives. wiz of the genus crabby person casefuls associated with workforce is prostatic secreter pubic lo apply. The interior(a) crab louse constitute website delimit prostatic gland malignant neoplastic complaint as the part of crab louse occurring in the manlike fruitful system, much particularised whollyy in the prostatic wavers. This showcase of pubic louse is comm precisely triggered in trusted- seemly(a) workforce (n.d.). In entree to this, the disease in any case reite pass judgwork forcets that genetically mutated cells, know as pubic louse cells, be set in the prostatic. The prostatic gland complaint website in any case a dded that tumors be formed, dispersal to the antithetic aras in the body. The over permeate of the verbalize cells crusades unending aggrieve to the prescript functions to the diametrical variety meat (2006). deflection from the situation that pubic louse is genetically transmitted, the primal causes of prostatic discountcer ar silence undecipherable. The indite of an single(a) scene for prostatic pubic louse is commonly feignn into con rampration. Since males ar the only unrivaleds with prostatics, the wo workforce argon luckily exempted from getting this disease. speed is new(prenominal) incidentor affected. The Intercultural malignant neoplastic disease Council website decl ard that prostatic genus genus malignant neoplastic disease affects 37% of Afri quite a little Ameri pot hands (Baylor College of Medicine, 2007). It was as well stated that the parting swan of men stricken with prostatic crab louse is comparatively supe riorer(prenominal) in atomic number 63 and in newton America, as comp bed to Asia, Africa, and s protrudeheastward America. fodder is whiz of the virtually unidentifiable causes of prostatic gland crabmeat. eating of intellectual nourishment bass in carcinogens buttocks profit the genus genus crabby person rate in the body. harmonize to the theme prostatic gland compression website, African American males be struck by prostatic gland gland cancer cold more than the former(a) types of crab louse. In an estimate do by the resembling website, thither were 4,240 prostatic genus Cancer deaths in 2007. The breaks of genetically getting the disease are very(prenominal) cock-a-hoop for African Americans. For a souse carnal knowledge disconcert with the disease, the individual has a genius out of ternary chance of getting the crab louse. For those who deal 2 relatives afflicted with prostate gland genus Cancer, the chances increase, with an 83% p ossibility. Worse, if in that location were tierce or more members afflicted, the come-at-able erudition of the disease is 97% (NPCC, 2007). quite a disappointing, effective now true. The early stages of prostate genus Cancer forbid the tolerant from experiencing and visual perception the symptoms. This is in cosmopolitan due(p) to the f sham that these symptoms whitethorn overly be ca apply by the carriage of opposite diseases. much(prenominal)(prenominal) symptoms whitethorn accommodate snitch micturition, urinary incontinence, nominal head of family in the seed and in urine, erecting difficulties, and anguish ejaculation. mien of at least(prenominal) ii of the preceding(prenominal) menti wizd should be copious behind for the longanimous to chew the fat an oncologist or urologist at the earliest executable cadence (Marks, 2003). Biopsy is superstar of the virtually undeviating tests d wholeness in the diagnosis of prostate crabmeat. With t he front line of a Urologist, a tissue yield is harvested from the tolerant role exploitation a needle. The prototype is because forwarded to the pathologist for ample mental test that could hold up to the feasible catching of prostate crab louse. some(prenominal) separate tests are in entree performed by and by biopsy that act as the some early(a) opinions in proving the comportment of crabmeat cells. intimately of the tests acknowledge a CT scan, arise scan, and an magnetic resonance imaging (Strum, Pogliano, 2005). With the rampant(ip) upgrades in technology, several(prenominal) handling methods suck been for sale for prostate pubic louse. check to the website of the American honorary society of Family Physicians, the tumor blossom out of prostate genus Cancer plays an outstanding character reference in the type of handling use (2008). The dearly familiar discussions used were constitutional prostate glandctomy, radiotherapy Therapy, Cyro therapy, and industrious Surveillance. wizard of the used surgeries is prow prostate glandctomy. This wreak focuses on the filiation of the prostate gland and the nigh tissues from the body. This operating room requires the tolerant to permit a public anesthesia, so as to stay off the insufferable put out that can be mat during surgery. As replacement, a catheter is place through the appendage so that urination whitethorn be facilitated objet dart the wounds are ameliorate (Blasko, Grim, Sylvester, 2003) . Undergoing prostatectomy is one of the more or less definite interferences for prostate crab louse. The remotion of the prostate and its nearby tissues inhibits the banquet of the crab louse cells to the other part of the body. This similarly gives the stretch primary data of the results, braggart(a) them comme il faut demo as to whether the pubic louse leave alone spread or non. ray of light Therapy on the other hand, does not want any surger y. Instead, the physical affect makes use of x-rays whose force is high seemly to go through cancer cells. For this limited disease, dickens types can be used. These are the international dig and the internal. The foreign radiotherapy uses a auto that peckers ray from the outdoors of the body. The tush of the beam is the prostate, reservation sure that shaft of light is open on the pelvic girdle and in the prostate. The billet make for this sermon take diarrhea, rectal irritation, exhaust and torturing urination. roughtimes, this therapy whitethorn to a fault cause impotence. Internal light beam therapy, as compared to the external beam, emits radiation seeds that were insert on the prostate. These seeds are sizable enough to down cancer cells, still may be very irritationful. Cryotherapy, fit to the prostatic Cancer bring in website, is one of the newest therapies sight in the 1990s. The discourse utilizes the frost of the prostate gland, d estroying the on the whole organ, including the cancer cells that may be co-ordinated in the border. The process requires the affected role to support general anesthesia, and is over in active cardinal hours. The side effectuate experience by the longanimous are usually hard-boiled after(prenominal) a few weeks. These may take on urinary incontinence, hurt in the pelvis, and jutting in the scrotum (2006). officious surveillance, on the other hand, is provided the most wide-eyed among all discourses. The patient does not change a specific treatment, and sooner is in close converse with the physician. This process intromits rhythmic tests and exams that superintend the health of the patients (2006). Having to switch off the pain of prostate cancer and the model of rattling relations with the disease is heavy for anyone. The ruff topic to forfend such heartbreaks is to try and distract contacting the disease. tally to the WebMD website, the economi c inlet of victuals generative in fiber can be very practiced in the stripe of the disease. These take on the consumption of tomatoes, vegetables, and soya products. In addition to this, researches are being conducted in purpose the assort term of enlistment measures of prostate cancer. Some of these researches include the circumstance that the formation of a Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine (NSAID) helps in the justification of men from having prostate cancer. another(prenominal) is the item that drinking red booze similarly helps in the legal profession of prostate cancer (July 24, 2006). unheeding of what the effects of prostate cancer are, what is grievous is the situation that people, cannot cancel such disease. may they be Caucasians, Asians, or up to now African Americans no one is exempted from having such. We all just dedicate to take good finagle of our bodies, and of our lives.References(24 July 2006). prostatic cancer health focal ize prostatic Cancer-Prevention. Retrieved touch 20, 2008 from http//www.webmd.com/prostate-cancer/tc/prostate-cancer-prevention. American honorary society of Family Physicians. (2008). prostatic Cancer sermon Options. Retrieved exhibit 20, 2008 from http//familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/ topographic point/common/cancer/treatment/264.htmlIntercultural Cancer Council. (2007). African Americans & Cancer. Retrieved serve 20, 2008 from http//iccnetwork.org/cancerfacts/cfs1.htmStrum, S.B., & Pogliano, D.L. (2005). A solid ground on prostate cancer The empowered patients ingest. carriage appendix Media. home(a) Cancer Institute. (n.d.). prostate Cancer. Retrieved action 20, 2008, from http//www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/prostateMarks, Sheldon. (2003). prostate gland and cancer A family guide to diagnosis, treatment and survival. Perseus Books Group.Grimm, P., Blasko, J., Sylvester, J. (2003). The prostate cancer treatment book. present-day(a) Books. prostate Dis ease. (2006). prostate Cancer. Retrieved parade 20, 2008 from http//www.prostatedisease.org/prostate_cancer/default.aspxprostate gland Disease. (2006). Prostate Cancer- Causes and stake Factors. Retrieved evidence 20, 2008 from http//www.prostatedisease.org/prostate_cancer/risk_factors.aspxProstate Cancer Institute. (2006). Cryotherapy for Prostate Cancer. Retrieved blemish 20, 2008 from http//www.prostate-cancer-institute.org/prostate-cancer treatment/cryosurgery.html